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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Medications help many people manage anxiety, but they aren't the only option. Exercise and psychotherapy are powerful treatments too. Certain antidepressants are effective in treating anxiety, as well as SSRIs, like citalopram (Celexa) and escitalopram (Lexapro) and the fluoxetine (Prozac) and paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Others, such as histamine blockers like Vistaril (hydroxyzine) can also help relieve anxiety. Antidepressants If you're diagnosed with depression, your doctor could prescribe medication as part of a treatment plan. Antidepressants, one of the most frequently prescribed medications are available in a variety of types. The type of antidepressant that your doctor prescribes will depend on your symptoms, any other medical conditions and treatment goals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. They work by altering the way that nerve cells in your brain communicate. They work by increasing the amount neurotransmitters in your brain which helps improve your mood and reduces anxiety. Antidepressants can take a while to show results, so be patient and adhere to your treatment. Benzodiazepines are also prescribed by your physician to treat depression or anxiety. They are extremely fast-acting drugs and can be used as a short-term solution to alleviate the immediate symptoms of depression and anxiety. Examples of benzodiazepines are lorazepam and alprazolam. They inhibit the actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline which are hormones that play a role in the body's fight or flee response. Monoamine inhibitors of oxidase are a kind of antidepressant that can be effective in treating depression and anxiety. They are usually prescribed to people who haven't responded to other antidepressants. They also require changes to diet in order to avoid hypertensive reactions caused by the amino acid tyramine. If you're taking an antidepressant prescription, tell your doctor about all other medicines you're taking, including supplements and vitamins. You may have to decrease the dosage if other medications interfere with how antidepressants work or if you experience side effects. Seek help immediately if you have thoughts of suicide. There are many signs of anxiety and depression, or you might have comorbid depression and anxiety. People with comorbid anxiety and depression have a poorer medical prognosis than those who have only one disorder. Certain psychiatric medications have been found to be particularly effective in treating both disorders for those who suffer from depression and anxiety comorbidly. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines are a great way to relieve anxiety symptoms, like alprazolam, clonazepam and chlordiazepoxid diazepam and lorazepam. These drugs work by affecting the benzodiazepine receptors of the central nervous system, which are 5 transmembrane proteins that form a benzylchloride-channel at the center. The benzodiazepine-receptors also possess a site that binds the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA A (GABA A). The benzodiazepines function by increasing the concentration of GABA-A, decreasing nerve activity and relaxing muscles. Benzodiazepines are renowned for their rapid onset but also high risks of dependence and addiction. Antidepressants, anticonvulsants and antipsychotics and buspirone all have a long time to take effect, but are better options for long-term use because they don't cause dependence or tolerance. Depression can be a comorbidity of anxiety disorders, and antidepressants can aid in reducing the symptoms of depression associated with underlying anxiety. Many people suffering from depression suffer from a combination both of depressive and anxious symptoms. They will need to mix medication and talk therapy to manage their symptoms. In these instances benzodiazepines are often used for a short time to control depression or anxiety symptoms while other medications take effect. These medications are usually prescribed for a brief period of time, and not daily. Taking benzodiazepines for extended periods of time may cause withdrawal symptoms, such as shaking and difficulty sleeping and insomnia, so these drugs are only to be used according to the prescription of your physician. If you're considering taking benzodiazepines in the future, inform your doctor about any prior dependency or substance abuse issues, as well as any other mental health issues you have. Your doctor can talk to you about possible adverse effects, and suggest other medications if needed to treat depression. Benzodiazepines can cause serious, potentially life-threatening issues if you take too much or have never previously taken them. If you are breastfeeding, pregnant or have an underlying liver disease or digestive or respiratory disorders Your doctor may recommend lower doses or reduce the time you are treated with these medications. Alcohol can interact with benzodiazepines and could increase the chance of developing side effects and dependence, therefore it is advised not to drink alcohol while taking these medications. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers can be utilized as a medication to control anxiety symptoms. They are a kind of medication distinct from benzodiazepines like Xanax and they are effective by blocking the receptors that adrenaline bonds to. They also slow brain and nervous system functions. They can be used in lieu of benzodiazepines that are more addictive and carry a higher dependency risk. Beta blockers, which reduce blood pressure and slow heart rate, are often prescribed to treat heart problems. They can also be beneficial for treating anxiety. They are not FDA-approved to treat anxiety disorder. These drugs are used “off-label” to treat anxiety disorders. They are an excellent alternative when other antianxiety medications don't work or have unacceptable adverse side consequences. They are especially efficient in cases of social and performance anxiety, where uncomfortable physical symptoms may occur during events that trigger anxiety. They can be utilized in conjunction with other treatment methods such as CBT and SSRIs. They are particularly useful as an add-on therapy for people suffering from GAD which is characterised by frequent and persistent worry that affects daily activities. They can also be helpful in managing the physical symptoms of anxiety, like an increased heart rate or sweating. Beta-blockers may help reduce physical symptoms of anxiety, they do not solve the psychological issues that contribute to the condition. They are recommended as a complement to other treatments such as benzodiazepines and SSRIs. It is crucial to discuss your medical history and any other health issues with your doctor prior to taking beta-blockers. The use of these drugs is associated with reduced suicidal behavior and psychiatric hospitalisations However, the results differ by specific psychiatric diagnosis and past psychiatric history. In some patients, they may also increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Certain natural products have the same properties as beta-blockers, but they aren't as effective. These include antioxidants as well as saffron, garlic and potassium. These natural supplements are not entirely understood. Some of these products may cause serious side-effects, so it's best to consult a physician prior to taking them. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors MAOIs affect the way that your brain functions. They block an enzyme called monoamine oxide that breaks down chemicals such as serotonin, norepinephrine and other chemicals that help your brain cells to communicate with each other. By blocking monoamine oxide, MAOIs allow more of these chemical messengers to remain in your brain. This improves brain cell communication, and elevates your mood. These drugs are also effective for treating anxiety disorders . This includes anxiety, mixed depression and anxiety states. They are not as effective for pure anxiety and might not help with a panic attack. The effectiveness of MAOIs has been linked to their ability to boost serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine levels inside the brain. These neurotransmitters, which are naturally produced by the body, are released into the bloodstream, where they travel to nerves cells and function as messengers. Iproniazid was one of the first antidepressants to be developed in the year 1950. It blocked monoamine oxidease. This led to other MAOIs, such as tranylcypromine isocarboxazid and fluoxetine, which are used to treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. Because they may cause interactions with food and drugs and can lead to a severe withdrawal syndrome if stopped abruptly, MAOIs are typically only used for patients who fail to respond to other treatments. A newer MAOI called MAOA-A, which is a selective and irreversible inhibitor is being researched to determine its effectiveness in treating depression that is not responding to treatment. It is not recommended for use in bipolar disorder because it could trigger manic symptoms. Another newer MAOI, selegiline (Eldepryl or Zelapar) is being investigated for treatment of Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidase, but does not interfere with other enzymes that break down levodopa the main treatment for Parkinson's. These medications can be taken alone or in combination with other antidepressants. In certain patients, the MAOIs could cause a reaction involving hyper-reflexia and neuromuscular excitability. This may manifest as eyelid twitching and other signs. These reactions may be more common when the drugs are consumed along with certain food items, such as aged cheeses or cured meats.